Python

Generic things:

The Python style guide is described in [PEP 8]

Modules

To add the location of your own modules to the python search path put it in the PYTHONPATH variable.

import sys

Number of system variables

sys.argv

List of everything on the commandline. sys.argv[0] is the program itself.

import getopt

Module to parse the commandline arguments (sys.argv). Default available

import subprocess

Module to execute shell commands

In python2

import subprocess
exitcode = subprocess.call("<any command>")
commandoutput = subprocess.check_output("<any command>")

Use ("command",shell=True) to have the call work like it would on the commandline

In python3

import subprocess
CompletedProcess = subprocess.run("<any command>")

The CompletedProcess returned has (args, returncode, stdout, stderr)