Difference between revisions of "MariaDB/MySQL"

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(Created page with "[https://mariadb.org/ MariaDB] is an open source fork of [http://www.mysql.com/ MySQL]. There are some differences but most are internal, for users the commands and SQL syntax...")
 
(6 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 5: Line 5:
 
=Move users from one server to another=
 
=Move users from one server to another=
  
−
Starting on the source server execute following commands
+
Starting on the source server execute this script
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
−
mysql -B -N -uroot -p -e "SELECT CONCAT('\'', user,'\'@\'', host, '\'') FROM user WHERE user IN ('username1', 'username2', 'username3')" > users.txt
+
PASSWORD=$1
 +
mysql -B -N -uroot -p${PASSWORD} -e "SELECT CONCAT('\'', user,'\'@\'', host, '\'') FROM user WHERE user IN ('username1', 'username2', 'username3')" > users.txt
 
while read line
 
while read line
 
  do
 
  do
−
   mysql -B -N -uroot -p -e "SHOW GRANTS FOR $line"
+
   mysql -B -N -uroot -p${PASSWORD} -e "SHOW GRANTS FOR $line"
 
  done < users.txt > users.sql
 
  done < users.txt > users.sql
 
sed -i 's/$/;/' users.sql
 
sed -i 's/$/;/' users.sql
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 +
Move the file to the other server and there do:
 +
 +
<code>mysql -u root -p < users.sql</code>
 +
 +
=Set up replication=
 +
With replication all transactions on the master database server are immediately replicated to the slave database server. So you create a hot copy of the database that can be used in case of a failure of the master server or to offload the master server by executing retrieval queries on the slave.
 +
 +
This procedure is a found on howtoforge.com [https://www.howtoforge.com/mysql_database_replication]
 +
 +
==On the master==
 +
;Edit the my.cnf so it has below lines.
 +
:The server must be accessible from the slave server and the server-id must be unique in you network
 +
:The binlog-do-db specifies for which database the binlog is written, one line per database. If omitted for all databases binlog is written.
 +
#skip-networking
 +
#bind-address            = 127.0.0.1
 +
log-bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
 +
binlog-do-db=exampledb
 +
server-id=1
 +
 +
;Restart the database server
 +
/etc/init.d/mysql restart
 +
 +
;Create a replication user
 +
mysql -uroot -p
 +
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave_user'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '<some_password>';
 +
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
 +
 +
mysql> USE exampledb;
 +
mysql> FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
 +
mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS;
 +
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
 +
| File          | Position | Binlog_do_db | Binlog_ignore_db |
 +
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
 +
| mysql-bin.006 | 183      | exampledb    |                  |
 +
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
 +
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 +
 +
;Dump the database:
 +
mysqldump -u root -p<password> --opt exampledb > exampledb.sql
 +
 +
;Unlock the tables
 +
mysql -u root -p<password>
 +
mysql>UNLOCK TABLES;
 +
mysql> quit;
 +
 +
==On the slave server==
 +
 +
;Create the slave database
 +
mysql -u root -p
 +
mysql> CREATE DATABASE exampledb;
 +
mysql> quit;
 +
 +
;Load the database dump created on the master
 +
mysql -u root -p<password> exampledb < /path/to/exampledb.sql
 +
 +
;Edit the my.cnf so it has these lines
 +
:The server-id must be unique in you network
 +
:The replicate-do-db specifies for which database the binlog on the master is read, one line per database. If omitted for all databases binlog is read.
 +
server-id=2
 +
replicate-do-db=exampledb
  
−
# Move the file to the other server and there do
+
;Restart the database server
 +
/etc/init.d/mysql restart
  
−
mysql -u root -p < users.sql
+
In the following statement the values from SHOW MASTER STATUS above must be used.
−
</syntaxhighlight>
+
mysql -u root -p<password>
 +
mysql> STOP SLAVE;
 +
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<masterIP>, MASTER_USER='slave_user', MASTER_PASSWORD='<password>', MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.006', MASTER_LOG_POS=183;
 +
mysql> START SLAVE;
 +
mysql> quit;

Revision as of 22:16, 21 October 2019

MariaDB is an open source fork of MySQL. There are some differences but most are internal, for users the commands and SQL syntax is exactly the same.

phpMyAdmin is a web based GUI for the maintenance of MariaDB and MySQL servers.

Move users from one server to another

Starting on the source server execute this script 

PASSWORD=$1
mysql -B -N -uroot -p${PASSWORD} -e "SELECT CONCAT('\'', user,'\'@\'', host, '\'') FROM user WHERE user IN ('username1', 'username2', 'username3')" > users.txt
while read line
 do
  mysql -B -N -uroot -p${PASSWORD} -e "SHOW GRANTS FOR $line"
 done < users.txt > users.sql
sed -i 's/$/;/' users.sql

Move the file to the other server and there do:

mysql -u root -p < users.sql

Set up replication

With replication all transactions on the master database server are immediately replicated to the slave database server. So you create a hot copy of the database that can be used in case of a failure of the master server or to offload the master server by executing retrieval queries on the slave.

This procedure is a found on howtoforge.com [1]

On the master

Edit the my.cnf so it has below lines.
The server must be accessible from the slave server and the server-id must be unique in you network
The binlog-do-db specifies for which database the binlog is written, one line per database. If omitted for all databases binlog is written.
#skip-networking
#bind-address            = 127.0.0.1
log-bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
binlog-do-db=exampledb
server-id=1
Restart the database server
/etc/init.d/mysql restart
Create a replication user
mysql -uroot -p
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave_user'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '<some_password>';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

mysql> USE exampledb;
mysql> FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS;
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File          | Position | Binlog_do_db | Binlog_ignore_db |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.006 | 183      | exampledb    |                  |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Dump the database
mysqldump -u root -p<password> --opt exampledb > exampledb.sql
Unlock the tables
mysql -u root -p<password>
mysql>UNLOCK TABLES;
mysql> quit;

On the slave server

Create the slave database
mysql -u root -p
mysql> CREATE DATABASE exampledb;
mysql> quit;
Load the database dump created on the master
mysql -u root -p<password> exampledb < /path/to/exampledb.sql
Edit the my.cnf so it has these lines
The server-id must be unique in you network
The replicate-do-db specifies for which database the binlog on the master is read, one line per database. If omitted for all databases binlog is read.
server-id=2
replicate-do-db=exampledb
Restart the database server
/etc/init.d/mysql restart

In the following statement the values from SHOW MASTER STATUS above must be used. 

mysql -u root -p<password>
mysql> STOP SLAVE;
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<masterIP>, MASTER_USER='slave_user', MASTER_PASSWORD='<password>', MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.006', MASTER_LOG_POS=183; 
mysql> START SLAVE;
mysql> quit;
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